This cluster of pink loveliness might have put you in mind of a sea of cherry blossom, or a juicy raspberry compote just waiting to ooze over your pancakes. Well, you can shelve these delightful images immediately, we’re afraid. What you’re looking at here are bacteria, and though these structures might be called “pink berries”, we can assure you that you they do not make a tasty snack.
But while they definitely belong on the list of scientific oddities that you
Bacteria often find that there is strength in numbers. Some of the trickiest bacterial infections in humans are caused by
Pink berries are a very specific type of bacterial aggregate that form only under certain conditions. They’re usually found coating the surface of submerged sediment in salt marshes, giving the pools a rosy tint.
Under the microscope, you can see how the individual cells have clustered to form a
But there’s a downside to all this close proximity. As humankind discovered recently with
“It’s a perfect cocktail for an epidemic to blow through and wipe out everything,” said Lizzy Wilbanks, a microbiologist who has been interested in pink berries since first encountering them in grad school, in a
Wilbanks and colleagues recently conducted a study to learn how Thiohalocapsa gets around these issues when faced with a viral threat.
The bacteria use a nifty genetic trick called diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs). Sections of DNA are transcribed into RNA and then back into
The new study uncovered that many of the targets of DGRs in Thiohalocapsa are components similar to those found in the immune systems of more complex organisms, including humans. Examination of hundreds of pink berries revealed that the variation in these genes changed depending on the environment, which could reflect differences in the
More work needs to be done to fully unpick how Thiohalocapsa may be manipulating its genome to evade pathogens, but the possibilities for this research reach beyond microbiology, and even have implications for our understanding of human evolution.
“It tells us about the challenges we faced back when we were little balls of cells,” Wilbanks said. “If you’re forming multicellular structures, you’ve got to evolve some pretty fancy immune defenses in order to stay alive.”
With all this to offer the scientific community, we think we can forgive the pink berries for catfishing us.
The study is published in